Bottom watering is a simple and highly effective technique to keep your plants properly hydrated. Instead of watering from the top, this method allows the soil to absorb water from the bottom of the pot through the drainage holes. It’s especially helpful for promoting healthy root systems, avoiding overwatering, and reducing pest issues.

In this guide, we’ll cover the benefits of bottom watering, the types of plants that thrive with it, and step-by-step instructions to get started.

Why choose bottom watering?

1. Encourages strong root growth – Water is absorbed from the bottom, prompting roots to grow downward toward the source.
2. Prevents overwatering: Reduces the risk of overwatering and root rot by allowing the soil to absorb water gradually. The plant takes in only the water it needs.
3. Ensures even moisture distribution: Provides uniform moisture throughout the soil, reaching the entire root zone.
4. Reduces soil compaction: Helps avoid soil compaction that can occur with top watering, which impedes root growth.
5. Fewer pests: Dry topsoil means fewer fungus gnats and other moisture-loving bugs (we wrote about them here).

Which plants benefit from bottom watering?

1. Plants with hairy or fuzzy leaves: Plants like African violets benefit from bottom watering as it prevents the leaves from getting wet, which can cause rot.
2. Plants that prefer dry leaves: Plants such as snake plants (Sansevieria), Philodendron verrucosum, and Philodendron micans are best watered from the bottom to keep their leaves dry. Read our complete guide about snake plant here.
3. Plants in soilless mixes: like peat moss and perlite, which absorb water better from the bottom.
4. Plants with dense foliage: such as certain ferns or fittonias, where top watering can be tricky.
5. Plants with delicate leaves or crowns: ncluding cyclamen and begonias, which can rot if water hits the crown.
6. Plants with severely dried-out soil: bottom watering can help rehydrate soil that’s become too dry to absorb water from the top.

🚫 Avoid using bottom watering for succulents and cacti. These plants prefer surface watering and are sensitive to excess moisture.

Step-by-step: how to bottom water your plants

1. Choose the right container: Ensure the pot has drainage holes to allow water to seep through and reach the root zone.
2. Prepare a watering tray: Use a tray or shallow container that can hold the pot and provide space for water.
3. Fill the tray with water: Add enough water to cover the bottom of the pot, usually 2.5 to 5 cm, without submerging the plant.
4. Place the pot in the tray: Set the pot in the tray and let it soak for 15 to 30 minutes to allow the soil to absorb the water.
5. Check soil moisture: After soaking, check the soil. If the top is still dry, you can repeat the process. Avoid leaving the pot in water for too long to prevent root rot

When to use bottom watering?

✔ The top layer of soil is cracked or extremely dry.
✔ The plant looks wilted, but the surface feels dry.
✔ Water just runs off when watering from the top.

💡 Use a moisture meter or lift the pot to check its weight. A very light pot usually means it’s time to water.

Tips for successful bottom watering

• Monitor water levels: Refill the tray as necessary to maintain water levels.
• Use room temperature water: Cold water can shock roots, so use water at room temperature.
• Clean the tray regularly: Prevent algae and bacteria buildup by cleaning the tray frequently.
• Periodic top watering: Even if bottom watering is suitable, top water plants every 4-6 months to flush out soluble salts from fertilizers. Water until it runs out of the drainage holes and discard excess water.
• Avoid overwatering: Avoid overwatering by not letting plants sit in a saucer of water for extended periods. A few extra minutes is fine, but prolonged soaking can cause issues.
• Watering duration: It usually takes at least 15 minutes for the soil to become adequately soaked. Larger pots or drier soil may require more time.
• Watering frequency: Adapt the frequency based on the plant’s needs. Some plants like constant moisture, while others (like drought-tolerant species) need less frequent watering.

Need help with your plants?

💻 Book a virtual consultation with our Plant Doctors at Planteka.
We’ll help you understand the watering, light, and soil needs of your specific plants so they thrive.

Want to learn more about plant care?

📚 Join our Beginner Gardening Course, available in Barcelona, Madrid, Valencia, and online.
It’s the perfect starting point for anyone looking to grow happy, healthy plants and become a confident plant parent.